4**** Brazil Tours and Travel Vacations - Embratur Brazil Travel Information

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Embratur - Brazil Travel Authority

FEDERATIVE REPUBLIC OF BRAZIL

MINISTRY OF SPORTS AND TOURISM EMBRATUR - BRAZILIAN TOURISM INSTITUTE

President of the Republic Fernando Henrique Cardoso

Minister of Sports and Tourism Rafael Greca de MacÍdo

Brazilian Institute of Tourism - EMBRATUR President Caio Luiz de Carvalho

Printing Project by Hasenclever Silva Borges

Special thanks to Brazilian Institute for Geography and Statistics (IBGE) for the map of Brazil

EMBRATUR - Setor Comercial Norte, Quadra 2, Bloco G 70712-907 BrasÌlia, DF, Brazil Phone [+5561] 328-9100

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PRESENTATION

A CONTINENT MADE OF CONTRASTS

THE COUNTRYíS NAME

INFORMATION ON BRAZIL

EMOTIONS IN A WONDERFUL CITY

SUNNY PLEASURES

THE UNUSUAL GREEN PARADISE

LIFE IN THE LOW LANDS

PRESENTATION Ý

Brazil is not just a country. In this vastness, in the oriental part of South America, several countries are to be found. Land of different people, magical sounds, enchanting rhythm. And colors. And flavors. For all tastes. Magical country of sun and sea and sand which forever will capture your heart.

Plunge into this mosaic unthinkable by even the most talented artist. A work of Indian, black and white people. A diversity of peoples for centuries miscigenated introduces newcomers to this multibrazilian Brazil with a whole new set of cultures, of unimaginable exquisiteness. Country of many histories sung together in a single voice.

Up north, the Reino language, of ancient people, the Yanomami, the Matis, the KayapÛ, the Wai“pi. Children, women and men once merged with Europeís white colors and Africaís dark ones. Builders of a world of myths and rites which outlive the legend and live through a myriad of cultural expressions of a multifaceted people who whirl around in royal outfits in a colorful array of feasts all year ëround. Folias de Reis in Minas, Cavalhadas in S“o Paulo, Congadas in Goi·s, and masquerades in Mato Grosso.

And of course the carioca climax, the popular opera of Carnival. Tropical country of many countries, crossed by the Equator line and the tropic of Capricorn. Rich not only in gold, minerals and crops. Exuberant not only for the nice ipÍ, the mulungu, the mahogany, the aroeira and the louro-assafra. There is more to it: animals, unique beasts. Tapirs, pacas, capybara, jaguars, alligators, sakis. And wonderful birds, flocks of parrots, jaburus, toucans. Opulence to be found only in such a vast universe of land as this.

Richer still, for its people of distinct habits, Western, Indian, Amerindian, Bahian. People who share their similarities and incongruencies, walking along the same path into the future, their feet rooted in the land as a landmark both historical and progressive. Peoples who dearly hold their beliefs, their old-age behaviors and tempo, rhythm and sound of Indian flutes, atabaques of Yorub· accent, violins.

A universe of vast limits spread along 23,086 thousand kilometers to run through, travel and explore. From dance to art. From cuisine to music. A country, however, intangible to the superficial, quick, brief glance. A country of manifold habits, costumes and traditions. A source of pleasure to any taste.

Be welcome to this countryís five regions, spreading over 8,547,403 square kilometers. A territory of watercourses winding through the most diversified vegetation into the jungle, down the plateaus through scrubs, forest and pampa fields. Destined to join the sea, as is the fate of all watercourses, in this case the tame Atlantic Ocean that bathes 7,367 kilometers of seashore.

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A CONTINENT MADE OF CONTRASTS

Brazil provides the tourist with the greatest possible geographic diversity. Floodplains, plateaus and hills are spread throughout the country, thus forming a scenery bathed by lakes, lagoons and rivers leading to the Atlantic Ocean. Up north, in the State of Amazonas, Mt. Neblina stands out with its height of 3,041 meters, as Brazilís highest mountain, in the heart of the jungle where Yanomami Indians live, an ancient human community of approximately 21 thousand Indians.

The Northern region is characterized by its extensive floodplains, with a maximum height of 200 meters, bathed by the worldís most voluminous river - the Amazon - pouring 175 million liters per second into the Atlantic Ocean, which is 20% the volume of all rivers of the planet combined. Along with its tributaries, a watershed of indescribable beauty. Dominated by the worldís largest rain forest, which takes up 3.3 million sq. kilometers of Brazilian territory, AmazÙnia spreads itself from the very borderline with Colombia up to the State of Maranh“o, in the Northeast.

The coastline advances northwards up to the State of Rio Grande do Norte showing beautiful dunes and sandy beaches. Outstanding is the ParnaÌba delta in the State of PiauÌ. From Rio Grande do Norte southbound to the borderline of States like Bahia and EspÌrito Santo the oriental tract of seashore is to be found with its dunes and many sand banks, hills and lagoons. An area dominated by the mouth of the S“o Francisco River and the so-called All Saintsí Bay, in Bahia. The Southeast region starts from the State of EspÌrito Santo downwards.

The landscape turns to lowlands, sand banks and lagoons up to the Restinga de Marambaia, on the coastline of Rio de Janeiro. Here, the horizon is dominated by the mountains of Serra do Mar and the soil is covered by the countryís second biggest rain forest, the Mata Atl’ntica. Into S“o Paulo, this hilly topography gives way to beaches and lowlands up to the location known as Ribeira do Iguape. The winding seashore shows many islands in the State of Paran·, having the landscape of Serra do Mar as its background, slowly breaking up into the lower hills along the coast of the State of Santa Catarina.

The landscape then suddenly broadens at the State of Rio Grande do Sul, where the shoreline is broad and flat, presenting countless sand banks which form natural dams to the many coast lagoons of cities like Patos and Mirim. The southernmost point in the country, the State of Rio Grande do Sul comprises a vast floodplain occasionally broken by an elevation: the "pampa", a landscape extended further into the State of Santa Catarina and the central portion of S“o Paulo with Paleozoic rocks that may reach 300 kilometers in width.

Between the States of Santa Catarina and S“o Paulo, in the countryside of Paran·, the state stretches down to the borderline with Paraguay. This is a spectacle of deep canyons where the worldís most gorgeous waterfalls can be found: the IguaÁu Falls. The state grows further into the swampy Pantanal from Mato Grosso, where the rivers Paraguay, Cuiab·, Taquari, Negro and Miranda create tiny lagoons where birds of all species and colors breed among an unimaginable plant diversity.

This route will take the traveler inland, to a huge amphitheater cut out between the Roncador and Formosa mountains, in the State of Mato Grosso. The Mid-west region is crossed by the exuberant Xingu and Araguaia rivers where the waterfalls of Von Martius and Pedras, as high as 250 meters, are to be found. This geographic routes will lead one to the State of Goi·s and the countryís Central Plateau, a region of high shelves and low valleys having the Chapada dos Veadeiros as its highlights.

Passing through Goi·s, one enters Minas Gerais where most of the countryís caves are located - 437, to be precise, followed by another 242 caverns of S“o Paulo. Here the traveler may wonder at the beauty of the EspinhaÁo Mountain Caves and the crystal complex formed by the Mantiqueira Mountains, the Serra do Mar and the Chapada Diamantina. These rocks split the countryís landscape, leading either to the shore, eastbound, or inland, westwards.

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THE COUNTRYíS NAME

The country was named after an ember-colored wood, the pau-brasil, nowadays hardly found. Discovered in the year 1500, Brazil was "born" in Bahia. Its baptism took place at the beach of Porto Seguro [Safe Port], so named by the Portuguese Captain Pedro ¡lvares Cabral. The early navigators were fascinated by the exuberant wildlife and the Indiansí beauty - the original inhabitants.

Originally colonized along the coastline, Brazil started to move eastwards in the 17th century. When gold was discovered, in the 18th century, the then continental territory consolidated around Minas Gerais. As of 1763, Rio de Janeiro became the countryís capital. By the end of the 19th century, in 1889 to be precise, what was then an Empire was turned into a Federate Republic. In l961 the capital was transferred to BrasÌlia, in the countryís very Central Plateau, geodesic central point of what is certain to become, in the future, the tropical landmark of a unique civilization. Ý

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POPULATION

Current population is over 155 million. Inhabitants are distributed among the 26 states forming Brazilís five great regions (Northern, Northwestern, Mid-west, Southern and Southeastern).

The most crowded city is S“o Paulo, where some 10 million people live. Rio de Janeiro, the second largest city, has approximately six million inhabitants. BrasÌlia, the Federal Capital, a Heritage of Mankind, is inhabited by over 1.6 million citizens.

By regions, Brazilís population is distributed as follows: in the Southeast there are over 64 million inhabitants; in the Northeast, over 44 million; in the North, over 12 million; in the South, over 24 million, and in the Mid-west, over 14 million. From the overall amount, around 79 million are female. Men represent over 76 million. As to age, the largest contingent is formed by children aged between five and nine, estimated to be some 17 million by the end of this year. Statistics for the year 2000 foresee the largest age group as belonging to the 15 and 19 years olds, who will total over 17 million people.

LANGUAGE. Portuguese is Brazilís general official language, with its various accents, peculiar to each State. In indigenous areas, four linguistic trunks survive: GÍ, Tupi-guarani, Aruak and Karib.

RELIGIONS. Religions, beliefs and sects are quite varied in Brazil. There is full religious freedom, and no official state religion. Roman Catholic is, however, followed by over 100 million people. Numberless different kinds of creeds and evangelical worships are avowed by about 30 million inhabitants. When it comes to spiritualist manifestations - spiritism, umbanda and voodoo rites -, although data is not accurate, the various forms of worships include approximately 5 million people.

DEMOCRACY. Made up of 26 States and the Federal Capital, BrasÌlia, Brazil is a democratic Federal Republic. The political system is supported by an institutional tripod, which comprises the Executive, the Legislative and the Judicial Powers. The President of the Republic is elected for a 4-year term, and, as yet, is not eligible for re-election. Among his powers, is that to veto decisions made by the Congress. The Legislative branch, represented by a two-chamber Congress which houses the Federal Senate and the House of Federal Deputies. The states are independent, and their highest dignitaries, the governors, are elected every four years. The Judicial Power is made up of the Supreme Court, the Superior Justice Court, the Regional Courts, Labor Courts, Electoral Courts, Military Courts and State-level Courts.

NATIONAL HOLIDAYS.

April 21. Brazilís discovery (1500). September 7. Independence Day (1822). November 15. Proclamation of the Republic. (1889).

SYMBOLS. The Brazilian flag shows a green rectangle, upon which a yellow diamond and a blue circle is applied, the latter containing 27 white stars and a strip with the caption "Order and Progress". The disposition of the stars in the flag mirrors that of the Rio de Janeiro sky on November 15, 1889 at 8:30 p.m., which is the Republicís inauguration date. They represent Brazilís 26 States and a Federal District.

CURRENCY. Created in 1994, the Plan of the Real gave birth to Brazilís present monetary unit: the Real (R$). The currency value is controlled by the Central Bank. One American dollar has roughly the value of R$ 2.00. Bills exist with the following values: 1, 5, 10, 50 and 100 Reals. Coins are available for 1 Real, 1, 5, 10, 25 and 50 cents.

PATRON SAINT. Nossa Senhora da Aparecida (Our Lady of Aparecida) is the patron saint of Brazil. On November 12, in the city of Aparecida, located in the valley of river ParaÌba, State of S“o Paulo, the country witnesses its biggest religious celebration.

My soul sings. I see Rio de Janeiro, I am dying-in-longing. Rio, its ocean, its endless beaches. Rio, you were made for me. Christ the Redeemer, wide-open arms...

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Wonderful City bathed by the quiet Atlantic Ocean. Surrounded by sun and sea breeze. Around the very metropolitan area, beaches are spread for 90 kilometers along the coast. Beauties framed by hills and islands; dazzling natural monuments like the Tijuca Woods and the Guanabara Bay. Rio de Janeiro is Brazilís cultural capital, the main gateway to South America. City in which ancient and new aspects come together in an atmosphere of joy. City that welcomes all guests with wide open arms, taking their heart, making them feel as real cariocas, as the cityís districts, avenues, streets, alleys and slopes become familiar. Rio de Janeiro shall live forever, blessed by the image of Christ the Redeemer and the immortal melodies of Tom Jobim.

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EMOTIONS IN A WONDERFUL CITY

City of broad dimensions and gentle geography, Rio de Janeiro stretches out along the seashore. Cosmopolitan by definition, the city presents the visitor with a myriad of options to choose from. We have suggested some routings that will lead the visitor to Rioís main touristic attractions. Here, the traveler will certainly enjoy the charm of the worldís most beautiful capital city.

RIO AT YOUR FEET. You may want to conquer Rio in your first day in the city. Hop on the train departing from the station at Cosme Velho District to cross a little stretch of Mata Atl’ntica and get off at the Corcovado. Go up the staircase until you reach the monuments basement. The statue is called Christ The Redeemer, 38 meters high, lit at night. You will be touched by the one of the worldís most breathtaking views, 709 meters above sea level. You will be delighted at the sight of Sugar Loaf mountain, downtown, the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, the South District beaches. Enjoy the Wonderful Cityís design, the disposition of its districts. Then, join an exciting, endless party.

SWEET LANDSCAPE. To get on top of the Suger Loaf, catch an aerial tram at Praia Vermelha. From its height of 394 meters youíll be able to see the Guanabara Bay, with the districts of Botafogo and Flamengo. Westbound, beaches like Copacabana, Ipanema and Leblon can be seen, with the hill known as Pedra da G·vea as a background. Turn northwards and youíll be charmed by the sight of the bay, framed by Rio-NiterÛi bridge, a link to the so-called Sun Coast.

COPACABANA, THE SEAíS LITTLE PRINCESS. Alongside Atlantic Ave., the worldís most famous beach spreads over 4 kilometers: Copacabana. A stroll on the black-and-white promenade along the beach will put you in contact with joyful and friendly people. Join the cariocas in their passion for the sun and the sea. If the temperature gets too hot, though, the beach kiosks will offer the shelter you may be looking for. Then help yourself to a delicious coconut water. And get ready to have lunch at one of the countless restaurants along the seashore.

WHAT A LOVELY THING. Famous from Tom Jobimís and VinÌcius de Moraesí song, Ipanema is an international beach district. About 2 kilometers long, it goes from the Arpoador beach to the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon. This sophisticated neighborhood shows the most intense shopping activity with its famous boutiques of Visconde de Piraj· Ave., displaying the latest fashion.

THE SUNSET. Ipanema ends where Leblon starts. Together, these two beaches make 3.5 kilometers. The very same promanade unites these two beaches, with kiosks scattered alongside a busy special lane for bikers and joggers. Be ready for great excitement around the clock. In Leblon, the hills known as Dois Irm“os stick out forming a gorgeous background. Sunset is a spectacle worth seeing here.

HERONS. Formed by Atlantic Ocean waters, the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon is but a romantic amphitheater crowded with herons. From here, one can see the Corcovado, the Tijuca Woods and Dois Irm“os Hills. Nearly 8 kilometers wide, the lagoon is fit for all sorts of water-sports. In an adjacent park, sculptures can be found. Some of Rioís best restaurants are placed around the lake, along Epit·cio Pessoa Ave. There is also a big amusement park that can get really crowded on the weekends.

DISTANT BEACHES. The 18-km long beach of Barra da Tijuca is Rioís longest beach. Of greenish and somewhat colder waters, its waves are appropriate for surfing. Although the sea in this part of the Atlantic coast calls for some caution, the beach is equipped with watch-out posts where life-guards are constantly signaling with flags to indicate the risk level of each particular spot. If the red flag is up, refrain from diving. Instead, stroll around the large promenade and its many kiosks. The paradise goes on down the coastline towards Recreio dos Bandeirantes, Prainha and Grumari, where the sea is calmer. There is plenty of seafood choice here in the nearby restaurants.

AN IMPERIAL GARDEN. The Botanical Garden was created in 1808, when D. Jo“o VI, prince of Portugal, arrived in Brazil. Located near the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, it houses 230 thousand plants of as many as five thousand species spread throughout 137 hectares. Fenced by noble and imperial palm trees, the place is just perfect for an easy-paced stroll.

THE FOREST. 20 kilometers away from the cityís center, the Tijuca Woods and the National Forest can be found. Together, they make up the worldís largest urban forest. 100 kilometers of narrow roads wind through 3.3 thousand hectares regarded as Mankindís Biosphere Reserve by the UNESCO. It is a rain forest preservation area, inhabited by century-long trees, such as the jacaranda, and plenty of monkeys, saguis and birds, among which sabi·s, saÌras and bem-te-vis. Here lakes, caves, waterfalls and belvederes of exquisite beauty are to be found. Try the Emperorís Table, the Chinese View or the Santa Martaís Belvedere.

THE ROYAL RANCH. Quinta da Boa Vista, in the city district of S“o CristÛv“o, is the name of another natural resort for those seeking deeper contact with nature. It offers green gardens, lakes and, as well, sport complexes and playgrounds. However, its main attractions include a Zoo, with over 2,500 animal species, and the National Museum, dating back to the Empire time.

OLD RIO. Founded in 1565, the city of Rio de Janeiro is prodigious in the upkeeping of its memory. Country capital for 197 years, Rio still keeps track of its past in the city center. The typical tour will take the visitor to Lapaís Archways and the old Carioca Aqueduct from 1723. Another must in this historical tour is the Imperial Palace, where Brazilís declaration of independence was signed. Here, the visitor will be delighted at the sight of ancient works of art displayed in the adjacent museum.

RIO DOWNTOWN. Take some time to find your way here. Get off the subway at Cinel’ndia, where the Rio Branco Ave. starts. Enjoy the sight of the National Library, the Art Museum and the Municipal Theaterís French architecture of the early 20th century. Then walk up Rio Branco Ave. towards the cityís very heart. This is a multiple crossroads of narrow streets where banks, offices and commercial stores are to be found. Walk slowly, stopping halfway to appreciate the statue called The Newsboy, by Fritz. When hungry, look for the Confeitaria Colombo, a most traditional restaurant of Rio, at 32 GonÁalves Dias St.

WALKING THROUGH THE CITY DISTRICTS. Rio is equipped with modern means of transportation. However, if your goal is to join the joyful carioca mood, get ready to walk. Here are some routings that will take you into the cityís soul:

ROUTING 1: Start at Aterro do Flamengo, a traffic-free area. You should depart from Santos Dumont Sq., in the center, and walk up to the parkís end, at the Botafogo beach. Right at the Guanabara Bay, the park is intensely arbored and has many gardens, marinas, sport courts, a jogging track, a skating rink, museums and monuments. A word of advice, though: avoid night walks.

ROUTING 2: This will take you to last century houses and buildings of some districts. Leaving from the GlÛria district, walk towards the Catete St., where the Republic Museum is to be found at the Catete Palace, official residence of the countryís presidents before the capital moved to BrasÌlia. Enjoy the pieces of art and historical documents displayed. Then proceed towards Largo do Machado, a popular square. If hungry, have a meal at the Lamas, another very traditional restaurant in Rio, at 18 MarquÍs de Abrantes St. Once relaxed, walk up the Cosme Velho St. until the end of Laranjeiras. You will be delighted by the Largo do Botic·rio, a small village paved with cobblestones where 18th and 19th century houses are popular.

ROUTING 3: Hop on the tram to Santa Teresa at the station right beside the Petrobr·s building, at Senador Dantas Ave. Get off at the final stop at Joaquim Murtinho St. For over 50 years, Santa Teresa was a fancy neighborhood. Nowadays, the place is inhabited by artists and intellectuals. Its streets are filled with buildings and houses of diversified architecture. Enjoy this districtís easy pace and taste the food at Arnaudoís Bar. The suggested order is jab· com jerimum, a Northeastern specialty that ought to be accompanied by the so-called "bottle-butter".

FLYING HIGH. For the thrill-seeker, flying is definitely a must. Head for Pedra da G·vea, through the Canoas Road, leaving from S“o CristÛv“o. Your fitness conditioning will be called upon as you try to reach the top of the rock. The fascinating panorama is worth the effort, however. You are now ready to enjoy a double flight on a hang-glider guided by a top pilot. Fly over the woods and the sea before you land in the white sands of the Pepino beach. That will be an experience of a lifetime.

MARACANˆ. The worldís biggest stadium is found in the S“o CristÛv“o neighborhood. Here, the planetís most talented footballer scored his goal number 1,000. Weíre talking about the King, PelÈ. The stadium is open for visitors on working days. Feel Brazilís greatest passion for football (soccer). And if youíre in Rio when a great match is on, donít miss it! With a little luck you will enjoy a sunny Sunday game with two of Rioís great four clubs: Flamengo, Vasco da Gama, Fluminense and Botafogo.

HORSE RACING. Horse racing fans canít miss a visit to Gaveaís Hippodrome where the countryís most important Grand Prix is run every year on the first Sunday of August: The Grand Prix of Brazil. After the race, stroll around the streets of G·vea, where many bars are the preferred choice of artists and intellectuals.

MUSEUMS. Rio is the cultural capital of Brazil and has, therefore, a vast array of museums. You should pay a visit to at least six of them: the one at Ch·cara do CÈu, in

Santa Teresa; the National Art Museum, downtown; the one in Quinta da Boa Vista; the Indian Museum, in Botafogo; the Republic Museum, in the Catete, and the National History Museum, downtown.

CHURCHES. They abound in Rio, built in the most varied architectural styles. Some of them are worth seeing: the S“o Bento Monastery, downtown; the Our Lady Chapel, in GlÛria; the Our Lady of Candel·ria Church, downtown; the Church of S“o Francisco de Paula, downtown, and the Mayrink Chapel in the Tijuca Forest.

SAMBA. Filled with African rhythm influences brought by the slaves from Angola, samba is the musical symbol not only of Rio, but of Brazil as a whole. It is the sound you hear during Carnival and the fancy parade of the so-called Schools of Samba. There are various kinds of samba. The purest form, however, you will find by taking part in a rehearsal by one of these schools of samba. The most traditional schools are Mangueira, Salgueiro, ImpÈrio Serrano, Mocidade Independente, Portela and Beija-Flor. Further information can be found at TurisRio.

CARNIVAL. What can one say about the Carnival in Rio? Words wonít do. Describing it as the worldís biggest popular opera is not enough. Try it, instead. Take part in the club parties and by all means go to the Sambodrome to watch the two-day parade of the special group schools of samba.

A WATERFALL OF FIREWORKS. On New Yearís Eve, the beaches in Rio are literally invaded by 2 million worshipers of Yemanj·, the African black goddess of the seas, just before the clocks strike midnight. At the Copacabana beach, at midnight, the most spectacular fireworks show takes place which turns the night into broad day light.

EVENINGS. In the districts of Copacabana, Ipanema, Leblon and Lagoa the traveler can enjoy the most exquisite pleasures Rioís night has to offer. That includes luxury restaurants, night clubs, theaters, cinemas, bars and pizza places. The night life is not limited, however, to these options. Good choices abound also in the central districts and other neighborhoods, specially Vila Isabel, well-known for its samba. It is advisable, however, to consult specialized tour guiding agencies before you can safely venture to get to know the carioca night life.

THE GAFIEIRA. In the Republic Sq., a traditional place for bohemians, the traveler will have the opportunity to unveil one of Rioís night lite temple: the Gafieira Estudantina. In the ballroom, highly skilled dancers slide around at the sound of tangos, boleros and sambas. The house demands posture and respect, though. The band is made up of musicians who have thorough command of a vast repertoire of Brazilian, Caribbean and Latin-American rhythms.

SHOPPING. Rio offers just about everything for a shopper. In the South district of the city, from Copacabana to Leblon, many international-level handicraft and jewel shops can be found, not to mention a myriad of fashion stores, for all tastes. In Recreio dos Bandeirantes, big shopping malls concentrate different sorts of shops, cinemas, theaters and restaurants. In the Indian Museum, in Botafogo, you can buy a genuine Indian bow and arrow set, as well as other indigenous utensils.

RELICS. Old articles can be found at reasonable prices at the handicraft of Atlantic Ave., between streets Xavier da Silveira and Bolivar, in Copacabana. Other places for these goods include the PraÁa XV, downtown, and the Lagoon Rowing Stadium, at Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon.

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TASTY EMOTIONS. Worried about diversity? Here you will find it in multiple ways. In the northeastern Lake Region, tiny restaurants offer an incredible variety of fish taken fresh out of the water. The fried carapeba is incredibly tasty. Enjoy it! Equally important, though, for anybody visiting the State of Rio de Janeiro, is to try the simple complexity of a good feijoada. This dish, created by Negroes from colonial times, is nothing less than a big pot of boiled black beans, garlic, onions and laurel leaves hiding all different sorts of meat: pork tongue and ear, dried meat, paio and other types of sausages, T-bones and ribs, smoked sausages and smoked bacon, not to mention juicy beef. It all comes served with cabbage, flour and slices of orange. The spice is plain malagueta pepper. This should be enough to satisfy even the most demanding gourmet. And yet thereís more. In Rio, like in S“o Paulo, a huge diversity of restaurants offer the most international cuisine. Small restaurants along the seashore starting from the neighborhood known as Recreio dos Bandeirantes seem to be the preferred choice for most tourists. Good sea food is available. In Espirito Santo, neighboring State integrating the Southeast region, one will almost go crazy with the countless pies, the shrimp, fish, crab and oyster specialties, always accompanied by the popular pir“o (sort of a fish and manioc mush).

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BRAZILíS WEATHER. Brazil has the most varied diversity of climates. In most of the State of Amazonas, northern Acre and Par·ís capital, BelÈm, the weather is extremely hot and humid (equatorial). In the rest of Acre, RondÙnia, Roraima, northern Mato Grosso, northeastern Amazonas, Par· and Amap·, besides a narrow strip on the west side of Maranh“o, the weather is hot and still relatively humid (equatorial). In S“o Paulo, and the southern part of Mato Grosso do Sul, the weather is humid and warm (tropical). In the rest of Mato Grosso do Sul, Goi·s and southeast Minas Gerais, a narrow strip west of Minas Gerais and Sergipe, the coastline of Alagoas and in ParaÌba State, the weather is hot and humid (tropical). Semi-humid climate covers the south of Mato Grosso do Sul, Goi·s, the southern part of Maranh“o, the southeast portions of PiauÌ and Minas Gerais, a narrow strip west of Bahia up to the western portion of the State of Rio Grande do Norte and a southern strip into Bahia. In the States of Cear·, Rio Grande do Norte, ParaÌba, Pernambuco and inland Bahia, the average weather is semi-arid. In the rural areas of ParaÌba and the northern part of Bahia, a strong semi-arid climate occurs. Finally, tiny areas of the Pernambuco State and northern Bahia have a very semi-arid weather.

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Atlantic world, magical land of breeze, and goldem perfume. Eternal sea, fish, legends and mermaids. Paradise of tanned people, aflutter before the eyes of baroque angels, in market places of Negro winds and gods forever

Ý Warm waters bathe 3,346 kilometers of coastline. Permanent residence of the sun where never ending summer comes out in plain autumn or blooming spring. A trail of vast seas of green and blue. Sand carpets. Mythical and magical world, from Bahia to Maranh“o, driven by mild speaking and easy laughing people, always ready to chant astonishingly rapid rhythms. Sanctuary built up by nature is the crystal clear archipelago of Fernando de Noronha. Ecstatic sight of corals, islands adorned by dolphins and colorful rings of the rarest fish. Golden Northeast of numberless churches, rupestrial heritage, distinguished flavors. Land where the past is kept in the houses of saints and the markets, only to be revealed before mankindís most profound feelings.

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SUNNY PLEASURES

The sun stretches out endlessly. Brazilís northeastern beaches are countless. A number of routings filled with cultural expressions and rich flavors, not to mention the popular feasts and the many archeological and ecological attractions in the region.

SUNíS DOORSTEP. The Atlantic Ocean spreads itself over a region comprised by 9 states. In practice, however, they are 10. The doorway to the Northeast begins in the state of EspÌrito Santo, where the worldís most diversified collection of birds can be seen at the Augusto Ruschi Reserve, among other cultural, gastronomic and natural treasures.

ALL SAINTSí BAHIA. Brazil was born in the Northeast. In Bahia, to be precise, where the first capital city was founded. With a 932-km long coastline, the state is inhabited by a smiling people whose souls offer a distinct idea of Brazilís cultural formation. In Salvador, the stateís capital, the visitor may start his or her tour at the belvedere on top of the Lacerda Elevator, which connects the high and low cities. After you carefully scan the All Saintsí Bay, get down on the lift again and walk into the Modelo Market.

WHERE IT ALL STARTS. According to the religious traditions of candomblÈ in the end every road leads to the markets. Before you venture on a tour of Salvadorís many streets, visit the Modelo Market. Before you enter, be reminded of Exu, the Lord of Paths, who protects the markets according to the strong Negro religious culture of Bahia. Once inside, youíll find beans, herbs, leaves and souvenirs of African nature. This is your chance to start to unveil the secrets of the African cuisine. Try the restaurants Camafeu de Oxossi and Maria de S“o Pedro.

YEMANJ¡ WATERS. Says the legend that Yemanj·, the Goddess of the Seas, is the mother of most African spiritual entities. Yemanj· is the queen in a memorable feast at the Rio Vermelho district. Plunge into the goddessí salty waters between the Barra beach and the Itapo“ lagoon. Do not miss the Tamar Project, at the Forte Beach, whose aim is to protect threatened sea turtles. Three hundred thousand of them have already been saved.

WALKING THROUGH HISTORY. Start at the cityís historical center, the Pelourinho. This is Latin Americaís largest baroque architectural complex recognized by the UNESCO as Mankindís Cultural Patrimony. Stop by the Afro-Brazilian Museum for a while before you proceed downhill.

TEMPLES OF THE LORD. People in Bahia will tell you that there are 365 churches, one for each day of the year. Right at the Terreiro de Jesus the imponent Cathedral. Nearby, the Church of St. Francis with gold covered wooden ornaments. Bahiaís most popular church, however, is that of Senhor do Bonfim, where a gigantic popular feast takes place every year in the second Thursday of January: The Washing of Bonfim.

MUSEUMS. In no other place in Brazil will you find so many museums. The museum of Sacred Art houses the biggest religious art collection in the country. The Carlos Pinto museum counts on an interesting collection of china and golden objects. You should also look for the Carmo museum, with its unique furniture pieces and silver pieces.

THE ANCESTORSí ISLAND. Opposite to Salvador, on the other side of the bay, lies the Itaparica Island. 17 kilometers away from the continent, it takes a ferry to get there. In Itaparica, an ancient form of Egum CandomblÈ can be found, in a place called Amoreiras, where the spirits of important African priests are worshipped. The island also has forts and 16th century mansions.

AXŠ. Unless the visitor takes some time to get to know the mysteries of candomblÈ, in the so-called Saint Houses, his or her tour to the Negro Rome will not have been complete. The most important of such houses are the AxÈ Iy· NassÙ; AxÈ do OpÙ Afonj·; AxÈ Iy· MassÍ, IlÍ MorololajÍ, Bate Folha and Tumba JunÁara. Look for information at the Bahiatursa counter about this aspect of your trip. AxÈ!

THE PARADISE LIVES ON INTO SERGIPE. The next stop in this sunny way is Sergipe, where delicious crabs await you at the beach kiosks at Atalaia Velha. The stateís coastline offers first class attractions, such as the Aruana and Robalo beaches, with its dunes and coconut trees. 15 kilometers away from Aracaju, lies the Atalaia Nova beach. Just take the ferry to enjoy its calm sea of rare waves.

MUSEUM. In Aracaju, take some time to visit the Rosa Faria museum while you savor the jenipapo, a local fruit. There you will see beautiful pottery and ceramic slates.

AN OLD CHARM. In the countryside, Sergipe presents the visitor with many historical cities. S“o CristÛv“o, 26 kilometers away from Aracaju, is a National Patrimony. To better know the city one has to wander on foot. You will be delighted with its many churches, museums and colonial houses.

FEASTS. In a city called Est’ncia, 59 kilometers away from Aracaju, big parties take place between June 1st and July 9th. In Laranjeiras, on the other hand, 23 kilometers away from the capital, you may take part in folklore expressions such as reisado, congada, cacumbi, cheganÁa and taieira.

ALAGOAS, THE SUN. Alagoas has some of the interesting beaches in the Northeast. In the seashore in MaceiÛ, beaches like Ponta Verde and PajuÁara offer both natural beauty and excitement. The enchanting landscape is not broken as one moves out to more peripheral areas, at Praia do FrancÍs with its reef barriers forming natural warm pools. 29 kilometers away from MaceiÛ you will find the colonial town of Barra de S“o Miguel, just perfect for surfers.

STROLL AROUND. At the pier in Barra de Santo AntÙnio, hop on a boat to get to the Coroa Island. This beach is almost virgin, with its reef pools just the same. If you feel hungry, look for one of those kiosks placed along the coast. Order oysters, shrimp or fish.

HISTORY. Marechal Deodoro, a city located 31 kilometers away from MaceiÛ, is a historical site filled with art monuments, such as the St. Francis Monastery. It is also the ground of popular feasts such as coco de roda, cheganÁa and pastoril.

RECIFE: TWO CITIES IN ONE. Recife, capital city of the Pernambuco state, was founded in 1537. Back in the colonial age, it was the subject of Dutch ambition whose traits can still be found in the architecture of Forts Brum and Cinco Pontas. The city mixes past memories with the hustle and bustle of a typical big city. 7 kilometers away from downtown, Recife turns into the historical Olinda, a town regarded as Mankindís Cultural Patrimony by the UNESCO.

MEETING STREETS. You should unveil Recifeís mysteries from St. Peterís Place, surrounded by colonial time houses and blessed by St. Peterís Church. Proceed then to the district called Recife, for the sight of very old houses.

CHURCHES. Before you cross one of the many bridges connecting the old and the modern Recife, step back in time, wandering through narrow 17th century streets. Get involved in an atmosphere of indigenous, Portuguese and Dutch traditions such as that of Our Lady of Carmo and the Mother of God.

MUSEUMS. Two important culture houses must be seen if you wish to grasp this regionís soul: the Francisco Brennand Museum and the Northeastern Man Museum.

BEACHES. Surrender to the sea at the urban beach of Boa Viagem. The water is warm and surrounded by a thorough touristic infrastructure. For anybody looking for a retreat, the Galhetas and Gabu beaches, 35 kilometers away, appear to be the ideal choice. This routing will find its climax at Porto de Galinhas, where crystal clear waters are guarded by reef barriers.

THE INVADERíS MARK. When the Dutch invaded Brazil back in the 17th century they entered through Pernambuco. Later, they set up the Orange Fort to resist the Portuguese attacks. You can see this fort in the Itamarac· Island. It is a true garden at the sea.

OLINDA. Preserved since the 16th century, this historical city is a busy place for those who love night lite. Carnival is just crazy here, and marked by the sound of frevo. Olindaís steep streets exhale an atmosphere of history and beauty. This holds particularly true if you get inside one of the most sumptuous churches, such as S“o Bento Monastery.

AGRESTIC REGIONS. The inland of the Northeast region presents the visitor with a touchy picture. 51 kilometers out of Caruaru, in Brejo da Madre de Deus, the most spectacular show takes place during the Holy Week celebrations out in the open at the New Jerusalem Theater. Driving on down route BR-104 the next stop is Campina Grande, already in the state of ParaÌba. This is the home ground of the most typical form of northeastern music: the forrÛ. Here, the biggest St. Johnís celebration take place every year, in June.

EASTERNMOST PARAÕBA. In Jo“o Pessoa, capital city of the ParaÌba state, at Ponta do Seixas, South Americaís easternmost point is found at White Cape. If you are staying in the city for its many interesting churches, you may as well enjoy the beaches commencing by the far away Tambaba, in a locality called Conde. Here you will find the most agrestic landscape and high cliffs. Itís the perfect destination for anybody looking for isolation. Northbound, the sea invites you at the TraiÁ“o bay.

THE DUNES OF RIO GRANDE DO NORTE. Here the dunes are the highlights. Tall and bathed by the sun all year ëround. Enjoy a ride through these sandy hills on a "bug" [a tiny jeep]. You can hire one at Morro do Careca. You are in Natal, capital city of Rio Grande do Norte. In the cityís center, the Forte beach invites you. Surfers will certainly enjoy the beach known as Artistas better. 36 kilometers away from Natal, Genipabu is a scenery of dunes. You will love to drive them up and down as if in a roller coaster.

MUSEUM. One of the most important museums of the entire Northeast is in Natal. It is the C’mara Cascudo Museum, with an exceptional collection of anthropological and folkloric pieces.

CEAR¡: RAFTS AND LACES. It was not until 1649 that the Portuguese disembarked into Cear· to fight the French invaders. Only then did they get to know some of the worldís most beautiful beaches. Unveil the state from its capital city, Fortaleza. Your routing should start at Beira-Mar Ave. The first sand youíll touch is that of the Iracema beach, where the sunset is the top attraction. Another option is the Mucuripe beach, where one can contemplate the rafts getting back from the sea.

THE BEACH OF ALTOS MORROS. 170 kilometers away from Fortaleza, the beach of Canoa Quebrada is worth a visit. The landscape is of dunes and cliffs that can reach 1,000 meters in height. After the sun, you will enjoy the agitated night lite and let the forrÛ music carry you into the morning.

ONE OF THE WORLDíS MOST BEAUTIFUL BEACHES. 23 kilometers of sand, lit by an old lighthouse. At the bottom of the sea, there is plenty of reef. Describing Jericoacoara is not an easy task. Getting to one of the worldís most beautiful beaches calls for some sacrifice, according to the Washington Post. Regarded as an environmental protection area, the place is 317 kilometers from Fortaleza. In Jericoacoara there is no electricity and the infrastructure available suits the adventure loving traveler.

THE DELTA IN PIAUÕ. The waters forming the ParnaÌba river bathe the city of Teresina, before they gather to form the ParnaÌba Delta. Capital city of PiauÌ state, Teresina is a river port where a popular feast called Folguedo takes place every year, with typical dances at the sound of Brazilian guitars. Far away from the seashore, Teresina has river beaches to offer, the location of which change from place to place according to the river flow and the rainy season time.

THE FRENCH CAPITAL. The Welsh once have dreamed of conquering AmazÙnia and create, in the tropics, what would be the Equatorial France, the capital of which would certainly be S“o LuÌs in the state of Maranh“o. They actually founded the city in 1612 from where they intended to exert control over a seashore of 640 kilometers in length and charm.

THE TILES OF THE CITY. Although founded by the French, S“o LuÌsí richest legacy comes from the Portuguese. The city displays the most homogeneous architecture complex in the whole of Latin America, decorated with countless tiles that make S“o LuÌs deserving the title of "City of the Tiles" . Take some time to wander through the streets leading to the Tile-covered Mansions. You will be delighted by the delicate skills of last centuryís artisans.

BEACHES. S“o LuÌs is an island very close to the Equator line. This is by itself an invitation to the cityís many beaches. The best ones are S“o Marcos, Forte Santo AntÙnio, Calhauís and Olhos dí¡gua. The preferred choice by locals, however, is the long beach of Aracagi, where a tiny castle is sunk in the sand.

SPACESHIPS. A 45-minute journey will take you across the sea into Alc’ntara, a historical monument recently declared Brazilís National Patrimony. Here, the traveler will be overwhelmed by a combination of past and modern feelings. On the one hand, ruins of old times. On the other, the most advanced space center in South America. Tourists need an authorization by the Ministry of Aeronautics to visit the space center. No authorization is needed, though, to wonder before the church of Nossa Senhora do Carmo and the cityís museum. The sea is also free. Get on the boat again and proceed to the Livramento beach, 10 minutes away from Alc’ntara.

MUSEUMS. Back to S“o LuÌs and its agitated night lite at the sound of bumba, typical from the state of Maranh“o, and the reggae, take some time to get to know the cityís most important culture houses: the Sacred Art and Visual Art museum, the Republic Memory Foundation and the Theater Arthur Azevedo.

SHOPPING. In the Northeast, handicraft is available in the most diverse forms. From silver pieces to leather, wood, cloth items as well as relics. In the marketplaces you will find just about everything: wooden saints, delicate lacework, colorful hammocks, perfume, medicinal herbs, exotic spices and tiles, not to mention pieces made of shark bones.

LEN«²IS. The National Park of LenÁÛis, in the State of Maranh“o, is indeed of ecological uniqueness. Covering 155 thousand hectares, it starts right at the Atlantic coast and is equal, in size, to the city of S“o Paulo. This is a desertic landscape, with dunes up to 10 meters high and little lakes scattered randomly, formed by the January-June rainy period. To get to LenÁÛis, one has to travel 371 kilometers from S“o LuÌs to Barreirinhas. The last 172 kilometers are on dirt roads. Donít let all this discourage you, however. Especially if youíre longing to get in touch with the most beautiful environment there is.

THE CAPYBARA MOUNTAINS. This is a very important archeological site where evidence of the presence of primitive men in Brazil has been found. The Capybara Mountains National Park, in the State of PiauÌ, gives access to a site known as Boqueir“o da Pedra Furada, where rupestrial inscriptions can be seen. Another important archeological site the traveler will be able to see is the one called Petrified Forest. The Park has been regarded by UNESCO as Mankindís Cultural Patrimony, and is covered with savanna. Here, reptiles such as iguanas, poisoning snakes and animals such as the wild-cat and jaguatirica jaguars are common, not to mention birds like the hawk.

Ý TASTY EMOTIONS Ý In the Northeast, - a region covering 1,561,778.8 sq. kilometers from the State of Maranh“o to the State of Bahia, encompassing the States of Cear·, Rio Grande do Norte, ParaÌba, Pernambuco, Alagoas and Sergipe - a melting pot of cultures has resulted in the countryís most diversified cuisine. However, each of the regionís nine States has its own specialties, which are, in most cases, marked by the exuberant fish and seafood dishes. Options are countless. To start with, there are dishes brought to Brazil from old Africa. In such a gastronomic mix up one cannot help but to taste a bit of everything. Letís start with the so-called "acarajÈs" and "abar·s" from Bahia, a perfect antipasto for anybody having "vatap·", boiled fish, shrimp, oyster or crab as the main course. These are specialties bathed in the popular "dendÍ" palm-oil and generously spiced with onions, coriander and ginger. There is also fish, a great variety of them, served in many different ways: soups, stewed, or baked. And there is much more: crab in shells, fried crabs and the popular "cavaquinhas". But delicacies donít only come from the sea. Exotic dishes are to be found in Northeastís cuisine, where beef, pork, lamb and goat kid are popular attractions. And then thereís poultry. Pleasures ranging from Sergipeís popular tripes to Natalís dried meat, from the so-called chicken "xinxim" to Teresinaís chicken specialty and "sarapatel". Another culinary must is the "feijoada" from Alagoas, as well as the stew from Bahia, the "mocotÛ" and the yam "bobÛ". These are courses for even the most discriminating tastes. Whoever ventures to try will eventually be deeply charmed. To sweeten the mouth there are the famous white and brown coconut candies, not to mention delicious ice creams and refreshments made of exotic fruits such as "tapereb·", "araÁ·" and "pitanga". Ý

BRAZILIAN ENVIRONMENTAL WEALTH. The archipelago of Fernando de Noronha, with its 11,720 hectares, is made up of 21 islands mostly covered with rain forest vegetation. 360 kilometers separate this group of islands from the city of Natal. Here, rare marine birds are to be found, such as the viuvinha, the mubebos and the trinta-reis-de-manto-preto. Fishing is prohibited. Here the traveler will have the chance to go diving amidst all sorts of fish. The special attraction, however, are the dolphins, always ready to show off, jumping out of the water everywhere.

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Sea and river winding down a unique universe. Amazonic world, immense waters, looks and sighs in the forest. Agrestic ancient kingdom, inhabited by sweet, subtle mysteries.

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How green is the world. Surprisingly huge trees - jacarandas, sama™mas, ucu™bas - rise from the soil so often soaked by profuse water, stretching out in their longing for the skies. The rain forest subdues everyone and everything. Nest or orchids, royal water platters, yellowish ipÍs. Imperial in his bed goes the Amazonas river, taking life to flocks of beija-flores, mutuns and parrots. The mystery lives on. Millions of square kilometers covered by leaves, water courses and the most diverse population: Yanomami, Waimiri, Poturu, Makuxi, Wai“pi Indians. Kingdom of rare species - the boto, the jaguar, the monkeys. Unmatched wildlife in reserves, national parks and environment protection areas, kept undisturbed by the hand of men.

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THE UNUSUAL GREEN PARADISE

The weather is always hot and humid. Water is abundant, voluminous. AmazÙnia is the ideal region for anyone looking for a closer contact with nature in its purest state. This landscape will live on in the memories of whomever is willing to follow the tracks into the planetís largest rain forest.

THE WORLD OF ECOLOGICAL TOURISM. AmazÙnia is in itself a tropical, colorful and exuberant "country". The regionís first inhabitants came some thousands of years ago, from the West, after a long pilgrimage. Reserved to the Spanish people by the Popeís decision by the end of the 14th century in his Inter Coetera, the region was conquered by the Portuguese three centuries later. This is the worldís most precious biological reserve. There are several gateways to it. You could start to unveil Amazoniaís mysteries from Manaus, capital of the Amazonas state, a five-hour flight from Miami and 12 hours away from Paris.

FORESTS AND WATER. Placed in the forestís very heart, Manaus has been regarded "The Jungle Capital" since 1850, when the so-called rubber cycle reached its top. The wealth generated by this historical period can be evidenced by the sumptuous Amazonas Theater. Youíll get delighted at the sight of the buildingís Italian renascence style, its chandelier made of crystal from Murano, the paintings picturing the Amazonic world, the Verona marble jambs, the English iron staircase and the stage curtains representing the encounter of the waters of the Solimžes and Negro rivers, the Amazonasí two biggest affluents.

LAST-MINUTE SHOPPING. Take the opportunity to shop at Manaus Duty-Free Zone for any items you might have left behind. Once done with the shopping, you may want to get acquainted with the jungle before you plunge right into it. Pay a visit to INPA, the National Institute of Amazonic Research. Take your time. Donít forget to see the pier, a floating English construction, where youíll have the chance to contemplate the Negro river downstream opulence.

BOTOS AND ALLIGATORS. In Manaus, hop on a boat to see the clearer waters of the Solimžes river meet the dark-colored Negro river. Youíll see both colors following downstream, side by side, for at least five kilometers, when they finally get mixed and enter the Amazonas river. This ocean-like river then proceeds towards the Ecological Park of January, 7 kilometers away from Manaus, spread over an area of 688 hectares. Bathed by numerous tiny brooks, the Park lives in complete harmony with birds, flowers, fish and plants. You should pay special attention to the royal water platters and the animal life, especially the red boto [a local dolphin], monkeys and alligators. Proceed to follow one of the creeks upstream in a canoe, with a mandatory stop over in the very heart of the jungle to shop for Indian handicraft and wonder at the wildlife.

THE MOONíS BEACH. Before you head for Anavilhanas, the worldís largest fresh water archipelago, you should try the water at Moonís Beach, 23 kilometers away from Manaus by boat. The white sand, in contrast to the Negro riverís dark waters, forms the most charming scenery.

ANAVILHANAS. This is a set of 335 islands covering an area of 350 thousand hectares. This 90-km long and 15-km wide archipelago lies 50 kilometers away from Manaus. The islands form an Ecological Station, an environmental reserve protected by the National Environment Institute (IBAMA). Access to Anavilhanas is provided through the Negro river. One of the regionís best Jungle Hotels is found in Anavilhanas. The tourist will find many opportunities to join a hiking tour into the forest, where incredibly tall tress house countless jungle birds and animals.

FISHING. In the huge Amazonic Basin, formed by 10 of the worldís largest rivers, the greatest variety of fish abound. Here, any fishing holiday will certainly be turned into a feast, even for casual amateur fishermen. Between September and March, many perfect fishing spots can be found. In the Amazon river, there are many ponds to choose from. If you are at the Solimžes river, you may want to go fishing at the Manacapuru river, or at the lake Januac·. In the Negro river, the best spots are the Uarini river and a lake at the Manaquiri river.

TWO RIVER BEACHES. One could go to the beach at the Negro river between June and November. It lies 13 kilometers away from Manaus downtown and is two kilometers long. There one will find sport courts, bicycle lanes, bars, rest rooms and showers. The best river beach in the whole of Amazonas, however, is the TupÍ beach, one hourís boat ride from Manaus.

ACCOMMODATION. Jungle hotels are among the best options for anybody looking for isolation and intimate contact with nature. As much as 60% of the planetís biological diversity are certainly to be found in AmazÙnia, for six out of ten live species are sheltered by the forest. These accommodation complexes offer rooms as well as little cottages, not to mention the so-called boat-hotels. They also offer a dynamic program that will lead the tourist right into the jungle. One could choose to go hiking, fishing or just sightseeing through the countless creeks.

DOWNSTREAM THE AMAZON. A trip through the forest down the Amazon towards BelÈm, capital of the State of Par·, is definitely a must. Enjoy this three-day voyage on a boat as an opportunity to get to know this incredible river in detail. Youíll see the river grow to up to 20 kilometers in width, pouring out 100 thousand cubic meters per second into the sea.

PARINTINS. By the end of the first day on this trip, the ship docks in Parintins, a small island. You may want to leave your Amazonic adventure to June, the most appropriate season. You will then be able to watch the Parintins Folklore Festival, one of Brazilís most popular feasts. Itís a celebration of gigantic proportions, with thousands of people parading on the streets in most colorful regional outfits. The festival is indeed an unusual expression of Amazonic culture. As a traveler, you will appreciate the regional rhythm of boi-bumb· and xaxado.

FEASTS. As the ship proceeds its cruise downstream, you may want to admire the forest, which houses over 2,300 tree species and provides a perfect habitat for tapirs, snakes, pacas and monkeys. The next stop is SantarÈm, already in the State of Par·, 1,369 kilometers away from BelÈm. During June and July, two major cultural events take place here, and are definitely worth seeing: the river procession of St. Peter, with its own boi-bumb· parade, and the religious celebration of the SairÈ Feast. One important cultural highlight of SantarÈm is the Indigenous Art Museum, where 1,500 pieces from 57 different Indian communities from AmazÙnia and Mato Grosso are displayed.

THE POROROCA. Just before the ship arrives to its destination, the Amazon river runs into the waters from the river Tocantins, which comes all the way from the Tocantins State. The volume is increased manifold and the phenomenon known locally as "pororoca" occurs when the river enters the Atlantic Ocean. Waves up to 12 meters high can be observed from the Caviana Island, 300 kilometers away from BelÈm.

THE STATE OF PAR¡: MANY TRADITIONS. When the ship docks in BelÈm, the traveler sees a city that has preserved its 17-century traditions in a highly arbored environment. The streets are guarded by old mango trees and impregnated with the intriguing scent of aromatic herbs, used in sortilege and as a spice for the most exotic dishes that make up this Stateís cuisine. Such herbs are available at the traditional Ver-o-Peso Market, downtown.

HOUSES AND MANSIONS. The past is ever present in BelÈmís architecture, especially in Cidade Velha [Old Town], where large houses and mansions display a Portuguese tile-covered faÁade. Donít miss the AntÙnio Lemos Palace and the Corisco Fort, at the confluence of river Guam· and the Guajar· Bay.

THE GREAT PROCESSION. Brazil offers the traveler two big Christian celebrations. Apart from the religious celebration of Our Lady of Aparecida, in the city of Aparecida, in the countryside of S“o Paulo, at the ParaÌba river valley, BelÈmís CÌrio de Nazareth is the countryís second big religious event. It happens every month of October. The feast, also in honor of Our Lady of Aparecida, starts with a river procession that departs from the pier at Itacoaracy, at the Guajar· Bay. On October 8th, over one million people parade through the cityís main streets carrying the image of the Saint up to the Nazareth Cathedral.

THE BUFFALO LAND. With an area of 49,602 square kilometers, the MarajÛ Island is the second biggest river archipelago in the world. With an incredibly rich fauna, the land presents two kinds of vegetation. Eastwards, a large floodplain of 23 thousand square meters, covered mostly by savanna fields. Westbound, thick forests are to be found, over an area of 26,500 square meters. To access the island one has to fly or sail to a little town called Soure. Buffaloes are a trademark of the MarajÛ Island. They are grown in extensive fields that may get swampy between the months of January and June. The herd is immense. Of course the island is also rich in other fauna and flora resources. Since hunting is prohibited, you should spend most of your time admiring the herons, the toucans and the jaburus.

AN ANCIENT CIVILIZATION. There are traits of an ancient civilization having lived in MarajÛ Island centuries ago. Evidence thereof are pottery objects dating back to 980 BC. This legacy was somehow passed on and survive in the so-called marajoara pottery style, the latest pieces of which date back to the 17th century. Besides being an archeological paradise, MarajÛ is also a cultural center, with numerous folklore activities such as dances like carimbÛ and lundu.

BEACHES. They are countless. The busiest of them is Mosqueiro, 86 kilometers away from BelÈm. This is a hot spot, especially in July, when the beach is invaded by tourists of all ages. Located in an island, Mosqueiro is surrounded by river beaches and cut through by numerous creeks and the so-called igarapÈs. In Soure, in MarajÛ Island, the best beaches are CÈu [Sky] and Caj·-Una, with its dunes and its greenish waters. If youíre looking for isolation, go to SalinÛpolis, 223 kilometers away from BelÈm.

WILD BEACHES. Here there is no sanitation, no electricity and no telephone connection. The city of Ajuruteuau, 30 kilometers away from the city of BraganÁa, is surrounded by wild beaches with no infrastructure whatsoever. Youíll probably enjoy the sea at the Campo do Meio Beach, with its soaked vegetation, its dunes, clear waters and very strong waves. With a little luck, youíll be able to find a tiny hotel providing some comfort.

MUSEUM. One of Brazilís most important culture houses is to be found in BelÈm: the Museum EmÌlio Goeldi, where an impressive archeological collection is available, as well as botanical, ethnic, mineral and zoological items. A true zoobotanical park with a huge aquarium for regional fish.

SHOPPING. In Manaus the tourist will find a great variety of Indian and regional handicraft items to choose from. That includes pottery, wood and fiber pieces. The preferred choice should be the tiles from MarajÛ.

RORAIMA, AN ADVENTURE TO REMEMBER. On the borderline of Brazil with Venezuela and the English Guianas, the Roraima Mt. awaits those willing to climb its 2,772 meters. A hard job, for sure. One of the planetís oldest mountains, this rock is surrounded by rain forest. Itís indeed a major challenge. Getting to its peak demands perfect fitness. On the way up there are sheer rock faces, waterfalls and very slippery shelves. This table-shaped mountain offers 550 thousand square kilometers of mysteries. The Indian communities used to call it "Blue Mountain", as its peak seems to be always surrounded by clouds. It looks pretty much like a dinosaur land. The mountain cannot be accessed on the Brazilian side, though. To climb it, one has to drive from Boa Vista - Roraimaís capital - to a borderline city called Santa Helena. Once through the Venezuelan customs, one has to follow to Peray-Tepui, where the journey starts. Climbing the mountain usually takes three days. Temperature oscillates between 25 and 5 degrees Celsius.

AMAP¡ AND OIAPOQUE, THE FRONTIER. Cross the Equator line into the State of Amap· and make a stop over in Oiapoque, a city inhabited by UaÁ·, Galibi and Wai“pi Indians. Here you should rent a small motor boat to ride on the Oiapoque river. Follow downstream as if heading for Cabo Orange. On the left-hand side margin youíll see the French city of S“o Jorge do Oiapoque. Stick to your wild tour and let the boat go. When dusk starts to creep in, have the boat return to the starting point. Keep silent, lay down on the boatís floor and let yourself be hypnotized by the star-crowded sky as you breathe calmly.

HUMAN DIVERSITY. Inhabited by over 5 million Indians back in 1500, when the country was discovered, Brazil still counts on a highly significant Indian population, survivors of a drastic cut down imposed by the civilization process. The Indian groups which inhabit the Amazonic forest have managed to keep their habits and traditions, since they have little or no contact with the so-called civilized world. There are over 400 indigenous areas. The most important of them all is the Yanomami Indian reserve, an area of 9.4 million hectares covering territories in the States of Roraima and Amazonas. In the State of Mato Grosso, coming down from Par·, another 2.6 million hectare houses the Xingu reserve, created by the legendary Villas-Boas brothers. Xingu is regarded as sort of a United Nations Assembly for the Indians, although itís subject to governmental control through FUNAI - Brazilís National Indian Foundation.

PARKS AND RESERVES. To protect AmazÙniaís biological diversity, the government has created several national parks, biological and ecological reserves. In the State of Amazonas, the Ja™ National Park can be found, with an area of 2.2 million hectares, that is, the largest forest reserve in all of South America. In the State of Par·, there is the National Park of AmazÙnia, with an area of 994,000 hectares. To access the park, one has to ride on BR-220, the so-called Transamazonic Road, from BelÈm, or else proceed by boat on the TapajÛs river from the city of SantarÈm. The vegetation is rich in native species such as rubber trees, and Brazilian nut trees, the white cedar and the jacaranda. In terms of fauna, there are over 250 bird species. Youíll be delighted by the flocks of parrots. Right on the borderline of Brazil and Venezuela, still in the State of Amazonas, youíll find the National Park of the Neblina Mt., the countryís highest mountain, with 3,014 meters.

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TASTY EMOTIONS. Brazilís Northern region spreads throughout 3,869,637.9 sq. kilometers. There the cuisine is certainly wild. Once again fish is the main element, this time in different "clothing". In the State of Amazonas, "pirarucu" and "tucunarÈ" are the main attractions. Donít miss them! Manioc-based dishes abound, a legacy of ancient indigenous cultures, like the famous "pir“o", for instance. In the State of Par·, it is a must to try the fish specialty known as "pescada paraense", the "tucupi" duck and the so-called "tacac·". A good meal course that shouldnít be turned down. In Maranh“o, in many ways also regarded as a Northern State, one will enter a world of shrimp, served in a variety of ways. Do not forget to try them fried, in garlic and oil. That is a mandatory treat. It prepares the spirit to explore the fish pudding and its traditional "cux·" rice accompaniment. For anybody looking for a real cuisine of game meat, however, alligator flesh is available, as well as jungle birds and animals, especially the "agouti". After the main course, which may sometimes include turtles, get ready for the abundance of available fruit. One has to taste at least a portion of them: aÁai, cupuaÁu, mango, taperab·, uxi, graviola and murici. These can also be found in refreshments. A candy worth trying is the so-called buriti palm candy. Unforgettable.

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BRAZILIAN RIVERS. Brazil has a vast and dense watershed network, and many of its rivers stand out due to their length, width and depth. However, due to the Brazilian relief, plateau rivers prevail, their beds creating sloping breaks and incidental valleys. Of Brazilís greatest rivers, only the Amazon and the Paraguay are predominantly floodplain rivers and therefore widely used for navigation. The S“o Francisco and Paran· rivers are the main plateau rivers. The principal water distribution centers are found in Brazilís Plateau (Paran·, Paraguay, Uruguay, S“o Francisco and several other coastline rivers) and the Guianas Plateau (Amazonís tributary rivers). On the Amazonian basins, broad and easily accessible canals are often used as waterways. River navigation is feasible on the Tocantins, Araguaia and GuaporÈ rivers and also on the Paraguay, Paran· rivers and some of their tributaries. A dense draining network characterizes the South Region, formed by two great basins: the Paraguay river basin and that of the Uruguay river. River navigation on this region is of greater importance when compared with some rivers of the Platina Basin, especially the Paraguay river. An important waterway is under implementation in connection with the TietÍ-Paran· system, which will include some 70 million hectares in the States of S“o Paulo, Paran·, Mato Grosso do Sul, Goi·s and Minas Gerais. Ý

Humid, life wells up from the low lands. Green fields, wonderful lights swaying in a lacework of leaves and feathers. Palm trees, jaburus, parrots, flowers, birds. Sunny symphony under the silence of Pantanal.

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The Paraguay riverís waters spill over the floodplain, shaping up the most fertile womb for fauna and flora known to man. A gift of ever-lasting life. Thousands of animals, a fauna concentration matched by no other place in the Americas. Inhabitants of a territory of 230,000 square kilometers. A planet bathed by the sun, one of the three major destinations for migrating birds worldwide. Scenery of tuiu™s, herons and parrots, living side by side with the capybara, the worldís biggest rodent. Jaguars, deer, alligators and snakes surrounded by hills where a rare sort of orchid blossoms - the harbenaria aricaensis. A place adorned by royal platters, Pantanal is an indescribable dream of watery nature. Enveloped by bright light, flying feathers and silence.

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LIFE IN THE LOW LANDS

How can one describe the charm of Mato Grossoís swampy Pantanal. Its waters present a spectacle of indescribable beauty, bathed by the most wonderful sunlight there is. Paradise of flowers, birds and animals; a perfect region indeed. Here, one will live experiences to be remembered forever.

PARADISEíS SANCTUARY. Many gateways mark the entrance to Brazilís unusually huge rain forest. One of the best options, however, will lead you through an unmatched ecological sanctuary: the swamps of Pantanal, in the States of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul, the limits of which mark the borderline with Paraguay and Bolivia. A country in itself, of rare beauty. 230,000 square kilometers, almost the size of Great Britain. A kingdom of thousands of plant species and a myriad of birds, felines, snakes, reptiles and insects.

PREPARATION WORK. Before you proceed into Pantanal, take some time to examine the map of Brazil. Youíll see a rectangle-shaped area close to the Bolivian border where the National Park of Pantanal is found. You will soon realize that Pantanal is just the perfect place for anybody willing to get away from it all and be in intimate contact with nature. Choose your preferred route of access. Once in Pantanal, let your body and soul be captured by the adventurous atmosphere of what was once an inland sea, guarded by rocky formations.

ENTRY GATES. Many routes will take you to Pantanal, by land or air. From BrasÌlia, you may want to follow BR-060 up until it changes its name to BR-364, as it heads for Cuiab·, capital of the State of Mato Grosso. The distance is 1,133 kilometers, on paved roads that will take you across the State of Goi·s, over the Araguaia river. In the city of PoconÈ, 102 kilometers before Cuiab·, the highway known as "Transpantaneira" starts and will lead you to Porto Jofre. If you are leaving from S“o Paulo, you may want to take the route SP-500 until you reach TrÍs Lagoas, in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul. Youíll have covered 1,156 kilometers by the time you get to Aquidauana, from which youíll take a dirt road that leads to two other cities, namely Barra Mansa and Tupanciret·. Another route into Pantanal will take you from Aquidauana, on a well-maintained paved road, through the city of Miranda, an excellent fishing spot. The end of the line is Corumb·, a river port on the Negro river, 8 kilometers away from the Bolivian city of Puerto Su·rez.

THE BOLIVIAN GATE. Equipped with a reasonably good airport, Corumb· is a natural access way into Pantanal for travelers coming from Bolivia. Those who prefer road transportation, there is this dirt road connecting Santa Cruz de la Sierra, in Bolivia, to Puerto Su·rez, at the Brazilian border.

ABUNDANT FISH. Few other regions in the world can offer such a huge variety of fish. In Pantanal, there are over 240 species. Piranhas, pacus, dourados, ja™s and pintados. A word of advice, however: fishing is only permitted between the months of February and October. A special authorization will be required if you want to go fishing. Be prepared to use fishing rods only. Be reminded that a fisherman is allowed only 30 kilograms of fish.

HUNTING is prohibited in Pantanal. You should limit yourself to the contemplation of the regionís animal population, estimated in something like 600 thousand capybaras, and 105 thousand deer species, living side by side with 10 million crocodiles, 80 mammal species and 50 reptile species, among which the sucuri snake that can get as long as 8 meters. Make sure to take as many pictures as you can. Then exhibit them as jewels back home.

FEATHERS. You will wake up at the sound of thousand birds as they greet the up- coming sun. Hop on a boat to get a chance to see over 650 bird species: herons, bigu·s, quero-queros, hawks, beija-flores and the imposing tuiui™, a landmark here. Pantanal is one of the richest wildlife resources in the planet, and houses over 6,000 araras-azuis [blueish parrots] that cannot be found in any other point of Brazil.

THE MAN FROM PANTANAL lives in harmony with the cycles of the Paraguay river. In the rainy season, its waters may cover a significant part of Pantanalís area. Religious in nature, deeply acquainted with herbs and prayers, this manís life is viscerally associated with the local fauna and flora. Most of these man are cowboys who work in big farms spread around the region. Together, the cattle herd amounts to approximately 6 million head of cattle. They are known for their ability to tell stories. Before they start, however, a round of cold chimarr“o has to be ready as usual. Men of great skills, you may want to watch them as they try to capture wild oxen. An aerial view of this spectacle is unforgettable. Not only are these guys skilled with the ropes. They also manage to handle their own horses wonderfully.

THE NORTHERN LOW LANDS. Right at the doorstep of AmazÙnia, the vegetation already starts to show signs of a rain forest. In PoconÈ, the traveler will count on a variety of professionally guided tours to choose from, including boat rides on the rivers Corumb· and S“o LourenÁo departing from the so-called Porto Cercado.

FISHING. In Pantanal, waters are very prodigious and fertile. Take your chance in one of the many fishing spots on Cuiab· river, starting with Porto Cercado and Porto Jofre. If you are looking for piranhas, the aggressive carnivore fish that strikes at the smell of blood, the ideal place is the Pixaim river, near Porto Jofre.

THE MIDDLE LOW LANDS. In the central region, as happens also on the east and west sides, the vegetation cover resembles that of savanna fields, with its many scrubs. The Taquari river runs through the cities of Coxim and a municipality known as Curva do Leque. From Coxim, river excursions are popular towards the Taquari, with excellent places to slide downstream on a canoe.

FISHING. The Taquari river is considered one of the best fishing spots in the whole region. The best place is found in Fazenda Palmeira, 30 kilometers down BR-163.

THE SOUTHERN LOW LANDS. Fauna and flora are indeed exuberant in this land of very tall palm trees. Enjoy the sight you get from the chalanas, a typical boat from Pantanal. Take part in the photographic safaris of Nhecol’ndia and Abobral. If you like being on a boat, there are routs on the Paraguay river that will entertain you for as many as 8 hours.

FISHING. Between February and October, the Paraguay river is the option of choice by fishing fans. Boat hotels leave Corumb· with groups of tourists ready to go for a four-day program. If you take fishing as a sport you should definitely reserve the month of September for an International Fishing Championship.

COLLECTIONS. In Corumb·, at Rep™blica Sq., youíll have the chance to visit the Pantanal Museum where stuffed animals are displayed along with Indian utensils and weapons. Another place worth visiting is the handicraft center called Casa do Artes“o, not to mention the Junqueira Fort. Your tour should end at the ancient-looking Porto Fluvial.

ACCOMMODATION. Options are countless. There are many hotels to choose from, as well as little bed-and-breakfasts and the aforementioned boat hotels in both south and north Pantanal. They are usually comfortable and well-adapted to the environment. Boats and experienced pilots are available at most of these places. 236 kilometers away from Campo Grande, capital of Mato Grosso do Sul, a little hotel for no more than 50 people is placed right into a 7,000-hectare ecological reserve. This limited number of guests is set so as not to harm the environment unnecessarily. The hotel counts on a couple of bilingual tourist guides to accompany the guests whenever they want to go out on a boat, in a van, or simply walking or horseback riding.

WARNING. This is a regionís very hot tropical semi-humid weather. With an annual average temperature around 24 degrees Celsius, it demands special care. Light clothes, preferably in cotton fiber, are therefore mandatory. A hat may come in handy along with a skin protection cream. Donít forget to take a water canteen for when thirst strikes during the longer hiking tours. If you are planning to camp, itís recommended that you keep a portable heater with you. Be careful, however, not to set the woods on fire. As to footwear, comfortable tennis shoes and trekking boots are the best choice.

PIRANHAS. Fish soup of piranhas turns out to be an extremely tasty specialty here. These fish represent imminent danger for anybody willing to venture into Pantanalís calm waters. Although they are not present in every river in the region, itís a must that you get informed on where these rather deadly carnivore fish breed. Ask your hotelís experienced divers before you plunge into the water. Simply getting out of the water wonít keep you completely safe, though. Wild oxen and pigs are all over, not to mention snakes and jaguars. Refrain from strolling around unless accompanied by a guide.

AN ADVENTURE TO REMEMBER. Take part in one of the groups, locally referred to as comitivas, made up of cowboys who lead the cattle from one farm to another until the very entry gate of Pantanal, where they are sold. This is a long horseback ride. Be prepared to cross immense farms and to overnight on hammocks mounted on rather high shelters. This is no easy deal. In return, however, the traveler will be put in the most intimate contact with nature in its purest state, and will besides have the chance to enjoy the local, rural wisdom.

THE CAPITAL CITIES OF PANTANAL. The city of Cuiab·, in northern Mato Grosso, used to be an important center in the 18th centuryís golden rush. Nowadays, it is a center for agriculture research and environmental studies. Campo Grande, capital of the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, although small in size, has very wide avenues and highly arbored streets. Itís another important agricultural center. Here an important cultural attraction is to be found: the Dom Bosco Museum, where a myriad of birds, fish and reptiles are displayed.

SHOPPING. Handicraft is available for sale in most of the cities scattered around Pantanal. Clay, leather and wood pieces can be found there. In Corumb·, a city close to the Bolivian border, tapestry as well as silver and wool items are very popular. Still in Corumb·, youíll find handicraft by the KadiwÈu Indians, who sell their clay, wood and fiber items. In Coxim, an area once dominated by the KaiapÛ Indians, regional handicraft is also available at the Casa do Artes“o.

CHAPADA DOS GUIMARˆES. Created in 1989, the 33,000-hectare National Park of Chapada dos Guimar“es is placed along Pantanalís northern border. With a vegetation cover resembling that of savanna fields, with its trees like pau-santo, peroba and pequi, the region is inhabited by the so-called guar· wolf, the great anteater, foxes and birds. Endangered species are also available, among which the wild deer. 64 kilometers away from Cuiab·, the park is absolutely breathtaking. Itís biggest attraction is the waterfall called vÈu-de-noiva [brideís veil], 86 meters high. Stop for a moment to wonder at the rocky formations of Casa de Pedra and the S“o JerÙnimo hill.

THE FLUVIAL CARIBBEAN. 288 kilometers away from Campo Grande, a unique city can be found where the water of rivers and creeks alternate from green to blue from time to time. Youíll see the waterfalls of rivers Peixe, Mimoso and Aquidab“. In August of 1995, a scientific expedition discovered nothing less than 32 caves in Serra da Bodoquena, around the city of Bonito. Four of them are underwater caverns inhabited by different fish species among which a blind and albino variety. The crystal clear water hides a somewhat mysterious atmosphere, as it makes believe the bottom is always closer than it appears. Donít be deceived. Depth can reach up to 50 meters. The mostly known cave is called Lago Azul [Blue Pond]. Youíll have to climb down approximately 100 meters to learn that swimming there is forbidden. Between December and January, the sunlight illuminates the inner cave between 8:00 and 9:00 oíclock making the water color change repeatedly. Youíll love it.

A NATURAL AQUARIUM. An overwhelming amount of fish swims around undisturbed by the presence of men in the Formoso riverís nascent, forming a fantastic natural aquarium. Indulge yourself. Be reminded, however, that touching the bottom of the river is prohibited, so the water doesnít get turbid. Fishing is also definitely banned.

FISH, INDIANS AND ALLIGATORS. Between February and October, the greatest variety of fish, such as pacus, dourados, pintados and jurupocas, can be found just 131 kilometers away from Campo Grande. The fishing routing should take you to Miranda, 77 kilometers passed Aquidauana; a superb fishing spot. In this region, inhabited by Terena Indians from the Cachoeirinha village, the traveler will have the chance to see many alligators.

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RIVER ABUNDANCE. In the States of Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso do Sul - in the Mid-west region, which covers 1,612,077.2 sq. kilometers and includes the State of Goi·s and the Federal District - the colors, fauna and flora of the swampy Pantanal show an exuberant array of birds, fish and reptiles. Fish abound in the cuisine. Highlights include tucunarÈ, pintado, ja™, dourado and other large fish. Regardless of their names, they are all going to be termed simply as Cuiab· fish, that is, fish specialty from Cuiab·, Mato Grossoís capital city. Although the region is protected by environmental laws and regulations on fishing and hunting, the traveler will have the opportunity to get to know some game dishes made from agouti, peccary